THE EFFECT OF ALCOHOLISM ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS IN CALABAR SOUTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF CROSS RIVER STATE
BY
OBOT, UBONG ANIEDI
11/06244321
SUBMITTED TO
DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE EDUCATION
FACULTY OF EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF CALABAR
CALABAR.
JUNE, 2019
CERTIFICATION
This is to certify that this research project on the Effect of Alcoholism on the Academic Performance of Students in Calabar South Local Government Area of Cross River State is an original work carried out by me Obot, Ubong Aniedi with the Matriculation Number (11/06244321), Department of Science Education (Biology unit), Faculty of Education, University of Calabar, Calabar under competent supervision.
___________________ __________________
Obot, Ubong Aniedi Date
(Student Researcher)
DECLARATION
I declare that this research project on the Effect of Alcoholism on the Academic Performance of Students in Calabar South Local Government Area of Cross River State is an original work carried out by Obot, Ubong Aniedi with the Matriculation Number (11/06244321), Department of Science Education (Biology unit), Faculty of Education, University of Calabar, Calabar under my supervision and has met the requirement for the award of Bachelor of Science Education (B. Sc. Ed.) Degree in Biology.
________________ ______________
Dr. (Mrs.) Esther E. Ekon Date
(Project Supervisor)
Department of Science Education
University of Calabar
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am sincerely grateful to the Almighty God for His infinite grace, protection and guidance throughout my study in this University of Calabar.
I am especially grateful to my able Project Supervisor; Dr. (Mrs.) Esther Ekon who took great pains to read through this work and whose motherly advice and counsel has made it possible to accomplish this research, indeed, she is a mother, God bless you ma’am.
I am grateful to my Parent; Mr. Obot, Udoh and Mrs. Rebecca Udoh for their moral and financial contributions towards my completion of this course. I love you and you are the best parent any ward can have. I am very grateful to my siblings; John & Joseph Obot (the Jees), Peace Obot, Loveth Obot and James Obot for their support towards the completion of this project.
My unreserved appreciation goes to my Pastors and mentors of Honeystreams Christian Center (HSCC); Pastor Akomaye Ugar for his spiritual coverage over my life, his unending love and his great impact into my life, my life wouldn’t have been this great if I hadn’t known him; he is indeed a light in this generation. Also, to Pastor Israel Nwoye; whose financial advices are always timely and resourceful. I love you Sir.
I very much appreciate my senior friends; Evalsam Ele, Paul Nneke, Paul Isibor, Mr. Wills, Sir Saint (the relationship doctor & Mayor of Calabar) and Minister Bassey for their love and support. These relationships has immensely shaped my life.
I would not forget my friends; Christian Alexander (you may not be here but you still remain in my heart), Akpassen Promise Godwin, , Air Marshal Piro, Francis, Charles, Ramsey and Victoria Ifendu who stood by me and made this research a success.
My special thanks goes to the Principal and teachers of Laurel Secondary School for their great assistance towards the completion of this research.
I equally recognize the efforts of those whose names are not mentioned due to space limit. Thank you.
ABSTRACT
This research work seeks to understand the effects of alcoholism on students’ academic performance in secondary school in Calabar South Local Government Area of Cross River State. The main objective of the study is to examine the effects of alcoholism on student’s academic performance among students in secondary school and to contribute towards a better comprehension of the significance and nature of the identified problem in order to bring possible solution to the problem. This research suggests some unique relationships between college student alcohol use and subsequent academic performance, but they also have many limitations. The instrument used in analyzing this work was questionnaire given to 210 students, thus, it was the remaining 202 properly completed questionnaires that are used for the analysis. The questionnaire was divided into three sections; section A revolves around the demographic data of respondents such as age, sex, etc. section B and C consist of questions which will answer the research questions. A chi-square (X2) was used to ascertain the result that extent the association between the dependent and independent variables. The chi-square (X2) is denoted by the formula: (X2) = ∑ (o-e)2. Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made: teachers and Parents should try to give their children moral, spiritual, social, psychological, and financial support so as to guide them against peer and societal influences and government should provide all necessary materials and equipment to make teaching and learning interesting so as to reduce anti-social behaviours in schools.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE i
CERTFICATION ii
DEDICATION iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv
ABSTRACT vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS vii
LIST OF TABLES x
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the study 1
1.2 Theoretical framework 11
1.3 Statement of the problem 17
1.4 Purpose of the study 17
1.5 Research questions 18
1.6 Research hypotheses 18
1.7 Significance of the study 19
1.8 Limitations of the study 20
1.9 Scope of the study 20
1.10 Basic assumptions of the study 21
1.11 Definition of significant terms 21
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
2.1 Alcoholism and students’ absenteeism from school 22
2.2 Alcoholism and time students spend on Academics 28
2.3 Alcoholism and students’ grade point average of each session 33
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research design 41
3.2 Area of Study 42
3.3 Population of the study 43
3.4 Instrument of data collection 43
3.5 Sample and Sampling technique 44
3.6 Data Collection procedure 45
3.7 Data preparation 46
3.8 Procedure for data analysis 46
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS
4.1 Data presentation 47
4.2 Test of hypotheses 56
4.3 Discussion of findings 63
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATIONS, AND CONCLUSION
5.1 Summary of the study 70
5.2 Recommendations 71
5.3 Conclusion 72
REFERENCES 73
APPENDIX 82
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Analysis on the percentage of questionnaire returned
Table 2: Distribution of respondent by sex 48
Table 3: Distribution of respondent by age 49
Table 4: Distribution of respondent by class 49
Table 5: Distribution of respondent by Religion 50
Table 6: Distribution of respondent by No of alcohol
intake per 51
Table 7: Distribution of respondent by major influence of academic performance among students 52
Table 8: Distribution of respondent by age at first alcoholic consumption 53
Table 9: Response to question 12 54
Table 10: Response to question 14 55
Table 11: Response to question 16 56
Table 12: Contingency table showing distribution of observed frequency for hypothesis one 57
Table 13: Chi-square computation of hypothesis one 58
Table 14: Contingency table showing distribution of observed frequencies for hypothesis two 59
Table 15: Chi-square computation for hypothesis two 60
Table 16: Contingency table showing distribution of observed frequencies for hypothesis three 62
Table 17: Chi-square computation of hypothesis three 62
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study
In educational institutions, success is measured by academic performance. As career competition grows ever fiercer in the working world, the importance of students doing well in school has caught the attention of parents, and employers. Education is not the only road to success in the working world, much effort is made to identify, evaluate, track and encourage the progress of students in schools. Parents care about their children’s’ academic performance because they believe that good academic results will provide more career choices and job security (<span lang=”EN-US” style=”font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: ‘Verdana’,’sans-s