THE EFFECT OF PARENT SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS ON PRE-PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT

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ABSTRACT

This project focuses on the effect of parents socio-economic status on pre-primary school pupils academic achievement in Odeda Local Government in Ogun State. The questionnaire as the main instrument used in the study was administered on fifty (50) teacher randomly selected as sample from Nine (9) pre-primary school in Odeda Local Government. The analyzed data clearly showed the effect of parent socio economic status on pre-primary school pupils academic achievement. Few among those are: The parental income has a vital role to play in pupils academic, parental level of education tends to affect academic achievement of pupils and parents with low level of qualification tends to earn low which also affect their childrens academically e.t.c. Recommendation which include parents should provide their wards with essential materials that will help them improve on their academic achievements. Non government organization can also help the pupils academically by providing them with essential material they need in school on how the pupils academic achievement can be improved in Odeda Local Government for the education development of the area.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1              BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The responsibility of training a child always lies in the hand of the parents. This is congruent with the common assertion by sociologist that education can be an instrument of cultural change which is being taught from home is relevant for this discuss. It is not out of place to imagine that parent socio-economic have possible effect on the academic achievement of pupils in pre-primary school. Whatsoever affect the development environment of pupils would possibly affect their education or disposition to it. Parental status

is one of such variables, when a woman’s nutritional status improves so too  does the nutrition of her young pupils (Lisa et al 2003) Rothestein has asserted as follows: parent of different occupation classes often have  different styles of child rearing, different ways of discipline their children and  different ways of reacting to the children. These  differences do not express themselves consistently as expected in the case of every family; rather they effect the average tendencies of families for different occupation classes (Rothestin 2004).

In line with above assertion, Hill et al (2004) had also argued that socio-economic status of parents do not only affect the academic achievement, but also makes it possible for pupils from low academic to compete well with their counterparts from high socio-economic academic under the same academic environment. Moreover, Smith, Fagan and Vivund (2002) had asserted that significant predictator of intellectual achievement at age of 8 years included parental socio-economic status.

Socio economic status and host of other factors relating to home environment of pupils as education background of parents, health status of pupils,  parental occupation and family  size could affect the pupils academic achievement. Socio-economic status can be defined as a person’s overall social position to which attainment in both. The social and economic domain contribute. (Ainley et. al., 1995).

Socio-economic status is determined by individual achievement in education, employment, occupational status, income and wealth. Several parents may provide higher levels of psychological support for their children through environment that encourage the development of skills necessary for success at school (Williams et al 1980, William 1987, Williams 1993).

Socio-economic status is commonly conceptualized as the social standing or class of an individual or group. It is often measured as a combination of education, income and occupation. Examination of socio-economic status often reveal inequalities in access to resources, plus issues related to privilege, power and control. The children from low socio-economic households develop academic skills more slowly compared to the pupils from higher socio-economic achievement. The rate of scholarship out can be traced to the socio-economic status of the parents.

1.2              STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The research is interested in knowing the effects of parent socio-economic status on pre-primary school pupils academic achievement in Odeda Local Government.

All pupils is from a particular socio-economic achievement either high or low socio economic achievement. This is what make the researcher to be interested that the socio-economic achievement of parent can pose challenges on the academic achievement of pupils.

1.3              PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

The objective of this study are identified below:

1)      To find out the effect of parental socio-economic status on pupils achievement

2)      To determine the effects of education status of the parent on parental social economic status.

1.4              RESEARCH QUESTIONS

The following research question were asked:

i.                            Will parent socio-economic status have significant effect on the academic achievement of pupils?

ii.                          Will parent educational achievement has significant effect on pupils academic achievement?

iii.                        Will parent qualification has significant effect on the academic achievement of pupils?

iv.                        How can the academic achievement of pupils be impoved irrespective of their parents socio economic status?

1.5              SCOPE  OF THE STUDY

The research work deals with the effect of socio-economic status of parent on the academic achievement of pupils. It will focus on how the parents socio economic status can affect the academic achievement of pupils both positively and negatively.

The research was carried out within nine selected schools in Odeda local government

1)      Staff School Nursery and Primary School Osiele, Abeokuta

2)      OLG Nursery and Primary School Obantoko Abeokuta

3)      St. Mary Nursery and primary school  Osiele

4)      The Boom Nursery and Primary School, Aregbe

5)      As Sidiq Nursery and Primary School, Alogi

6)      Sarkis Memorial Nursery and Primary School, Somorin, Obantoko, Abeokuta.

7)      Foundations Nursery and Primary School, Obantoko

8)      Methodist Public Nursery and Primary School, Odeda

9)      Treasure Land Nursery and Primary School, Odeda.

1.6              SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study will help to show various ways by which the socio-economic status of parent affects the academic achievements of the pupils both positively and negatively.

This research will be of tremendous help to the government, the parent and the general public at large so as to make sure that all the constraints, obstacles of satisfactory socio-economic development are solved and proffer a lasting solution to them.

The findings in this research work will help the parents to fine-tune their strategies in developing a high socio-economic status so that it will help in developing their pupils academically and to help in discovering their traits of leadership qualities and to fully realized their potentials and also help in promoting effective learning of their pupils.

This study will also help the government to know the problems that the socio-economic status of parents can pose on the academic achievement of their pupils so as to improve the standard of living of the society.

The research topic will be of future reference to all and  sundry  that want to acquire more knowledge on the effect of parents socio-economic status on pre-primary school pupils academic achievement.

1.7              DEFINITION OF TERMS

Some of the key words as used in this study are explained below

Academic: It can be known as belonging or relating to studies such as language, philosophy and pure science rather than applied, technical or professional studies.

Status: the position of an individual in relation to another or others, especially in regard to social or professional standing

Parent: a parent is a caretaker of the offspring in their own species.

Achievement: it is something accomplished, as through great effort, skill, perseverance or courage

Socio-economic: is an economic and sociological combined total measure of a person’s work experience and of an individuals or family’s economic and social position in relation to others, based on income, education and occupation.

Pupils: A person usually young who is learning under the close supervision of a teacher at school, a private tutor, or the like student.

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